{
  "image": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/ca/Volvo_S60_%283rd_generation%29_IMG_8463.jpg",
  "generalInfo": "The Volvo S60 is a compact executive (D‑segment) sedan known for Scandinavian design, refined interiors, and Volvo’s long-standing focus on safety and driver‑assistance technology. The third‑generation S60 (introduced for the 2019 model year on Volvo’s Scalable Product Architecture) shifted the model to lighter, efficient 2.0‑liter turbo four‑cylinder engines and offered an electrified top model as a plug‑in hybrid (marketed as Recharge/T8) with substantially higher combined output. Across its late lifecycle the S60’s powertrains ranged from mid‑200 hp turbocharged four‑cylinders up to the PHEV’s roughly 450–456 hp; fuel economy for gasoline models was typically in the high‑20s to low‑30s mpg combined while the PHEV was EPA‑rated in the 70s MPGe with roughly 40–41 miles of pure‑electric range (last‑advertised figures from the 2025 model year). \n\nVolvo wound down S60 production for North America and Europe in 2024 and the S60’s final advertised US model year was 2025; Volvo pivoted toward SUVs and battery‑electric vehicles and did not offer any US‑market S60 trims for the 2026 model year. The entry below therefore reflects that there are no 2026 US trims to list and provides last‑known 2025 reference specifications where noted.",
  "priceRange": "$43,795 – $59,295 (USD)",
  "towingCapacity": "Not rated",
  "recallHistory": "2 recalls (2025)",
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    "2017": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ee/Volvo_S60_01_China_2017-03-20.jpg",
    "2018": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d3/2018_Volvo_S60_T5_Dynamic_AWD_in_Ice_White%2C_front_left%2C_2023-06-16.jpg",
    "2023": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/c4/Volvo_S60_B5_Inscription_SPA_Osmium_Grey_%281%29.jpg",
    "2024": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/ca/Volvo_S60_%283rd_generation%29_IMG_8463.jpg"
  },
  "galleryByYear": {
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      ],
      "interior": []
    },
    "2017": {
      "exterior": [
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        "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/88/Volvo_S60_02_China_2017-03-20.jpg",
        "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/a5/Volvo_S60_Polestar_%2836941641351%29.jpg"
      ],
      "interior": []
    },
    "2018": {
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        "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d9/Volvo_S60_RDesign_in_Negev_Desert.jpg"
      ],
      "interior": []
    },
    "2023": {
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      ],
      "interior": []
    },
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      ],
      "interior": []
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  },
  "gallery": {
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    "interior": []
  },
  "years": {
    "2015": {
      "trims": [
        {
          "name": "T5",
          "description": "The T5 for 2015 is the mainstream S60 powertrain offering. It uses Volvo's turbocharged five‑cylinder architecture and was positioned as the balance of performance and efficiency in the S60 lineup.",
          "packages": [
            {
              "name": "T5",
              "msrp": "~$46,250",
              "difference": "Base variant."
            }
          ],
          "engine": "2.5L turbo I5",
          "power": "250 hp",
          "drive": "",
          "transmission": "",
          "economy": "",
          "zeroToSixty": "",
          "topSpeed": "",
          "safetyRating": "IIHS: Good (moderate overlap front; small overlap driver; side crash Good)",
          "seats": "5",
          "cargo": "",
          "airbags": "",
          "highlights": [
            "Volvo City Safety automatic emergency braking with pedestrian detection (standard or widely available)",
            "Quiet, well‑appointed Scandinavian interior and comfortable front seats",
            "Mainstream balance of performance and efficiency for the S60 lineup"
          ],
          "video": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=aDZa9c108AY",
          "image": "",
          "isFirstModelYearForModule": false,
          "isLastModelYearForModule": true
        },
        {
          "name": "T6",
          "description": "The T6 is the higher‑output S60 offering for 2015, equipped with a turbocharged six‑cylinder engine delivering noticeably stronger acceleration and higher top‑end performance than the T5.",
          "packages": [
            {
              "name": "T6",
              "msrp": "~$46,250",
              "difference": "Base variant."
            }
          ],
          "engine": "3.0L turbo I6",
          "power": "325 hp",
          "drive": "",
          "transmission": "",
          "economy": "",
          "zeroToSixty": "",
          "topSpeed": "",
          "safetyRating": "IIHS: Good (moderate overlap front; small overlap driver; side crash Good)",
          "seats": "5",
          "cargo": "",
          "airbags": "",
          "highlights": [
            "Higher‑output turbocharged six‑cylinder for stronger acceleration",
            "Shares Volvo safety and comfort features with the rest of the lineup",
            "Available in sport‑oriented configurations in some markets"
          ],
          "video": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qWCvJt4BzK4",
          "image": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/26/Volvo_S60_T6_%282015%29_%2853506978715%29.jpg",
          "isFirstModelYearForModule": false,
          "isLastModelYearForModule": true
        }
      ]
    },
    "2016": {
      "trims": [
        {
          "name": "Premier",
          "description": "The Premier is the entry-level 2016 S60 trim; it supplies Volvo's core safety suite and Sensus infotainment with available Technology options. Powertrain choices are offered across the range and higher-level packages add more advanced driver‑assistance, navigation and upgraded headlights. Exact starting MSRP depends on engine and drivetrain choice and is not specified here.",
          "packages": [
            {
              "name": "Premier",
              "msrp": "~$46,250",
              "difference": "Base variant."
            },
            {
              "name": "Premier — Technology Package",
              "msrp": "~$49,050",
              "difference": "Adds Technology package (advanced headlights, navigation and driver assistance features)."
            }
          ],
          "engine": "",
          "power": "",
          "drive": "",
          "transmission": "",
          "economy": "",
          "zeroToSixty": "",
          "topSpeed": "",
          "safetyRating": "IIHS: Good overall crashworthiness; headlight ratings vary by package (Premier-level headlights rated lower than top trims)",
          "seats": "5",
          "cargo": "",
          "airbags": "",
          "highlights": [
            "Good IIHS crashworthiness (see IIHS testing)",
            "Available Technology package with advanced headlights and driver-assist features",
            "Front-wheel-drive standard with available all-wheel-drive",
            "Optional blind spot and lane‑departure aids"
          ],
          "video": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3QoR-gvFJP0",
          "image": "",
          "isFirstModelYearForModule": true,
          "isLastModelYearForModule": true
        },
        {
          "name": "Platinum",
          "description": "The Platinum trim represents a higher equipment/luxury level for the 2016 S60 and, in IIHS testing, the Platinum-equipped vehicle featured better headlight hardware (HID/projector) compared with lower trims. Platinum typically bundles premium comfort and convenience features as well as more advanced lighting and driver assistance.",
          "packages": [
            {
              "name": "Platinum",
              "msrp": "~$46,250",
              "difference": "Higher-equipment variant; includes upgraded headlights and premium interior appointments."
            }
          ],
          "engine": "",
          "power": "",
          "drive": "",
          "transmission": "",
          "economy": "",
          "zeroToSixty": "",
          "topSpeed": "",
          "safetyRating": "Top Safety Pick+ (IIHS) when equipped with the higher-rated headlight option; overall crashworthiness rated Good by IIHS",
          "seats": "5",
          "cargo": "",
          "airbags": "",
          "highlights": [
            "HID/projector headlights on tested Platinum example (per IIHS)",
            "Eligible for IIHS Top Safety Pick+ when equipped with higher-rated headlights",
            "Premium interior appointments and available technology options"
          ],
          "video": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=L7Tbb13Y-uE",
          "image": "",
          "isFirstModelYearForModule": true,
          "isLastModelYearForModule": true
        },
        {
          "name": "Inscription",
          "description": "Inscription is Volvo's luxury-oriented equipment level for the S60, focused on upscale materials and comfort features. For 2016 the Inscription badge denotes a more luxurious specification with leather, upgraded trim and available driver-assistance features.",
          "packages": [
            {
              "name": "Inscription",
              "msrp": "~$37,800",
              "difference": "Luxury-oriented equipment level."
            }
          ],
          "engine": "",
          "power": "",
          "drive": "",
          "transmission": "",
          "economy": "",
          "zeroToSixty": "",
          "topSpeed": "",
          "safetyRating": "Good (IIHS); final rating and headlight performance vary with options",
          "seats": "5",
          "cargo": "",
          "airbags": "",
          "highlights": [
            "Luxury interior trim and comfort options",
            "Advanced safety and driver‑assist features available",
            "Included in certain NHTSA recall campaigns for 2016 model-year vehicles"
          ],
          "video": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=V0iX2IvMuFE",
          "image": "",
          "isFirstModelYearForModule": true,
          "isLastModelYearForModule": false
        }
      ]
    },
    "2017": {
      "trims": [
        {
          "name": "T5 Momentum",
          "description": "Base Momentum trim powered by Volvo’s Drive‑E 2.0L turbocharged inline‑4 (badged T5). FWD is standard and AWD was offered as an option; an 8‑speed automatic was standard. The 2017 S60 carried forward the late‑generation facelift features (Scandinavian interior, safety systems) with no major mechanical changes from the immediate prior year.",
          "packages": [
            {
              "name": "T5 Momentum (base)",
              "msrp": "$33,295",
              "difference": "Base variant (FWD)."
            },
            {
              "name": "T5 Momentum AWD",
              "msrp": "$35,795",
              "difference": "Adds AWD (+$2,500) and associated all‑wheel hardware."
            }
          ],
          "engine": "2.0L Turbo I4 (Drive‑E)",
          "power": "240 hp / 258 lb‑ft",
          "drive": "FWD",
          "transmission": "8-speed automatic",
          "economy": "23/34 mpg (FWD); 22/31 mpg (AWD)",
          "zeroToSixty": "6.5 s",
          "topSpeed": "130 mph",
          "safetyRating": "5 / 5 ★ (NHTSA)",
          "seats": "5",
          "cargo": "11.6 cu ft",
          "airbags": "8 airbags",
          "highlights": [
            "Volvo Sensus infotainment with center touchscreen",
            "City Safety autonomous emergency braking (standard)",
            "Available Pilot Assist semi‑autonomous drive assist",
            "Entry‑level Momentum equipment for comfort and convenience"
          ],
          "video": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Td7jxAot-H8",
          "image": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ee/Volvo_S60_01_China_2017-03-20.jpg",
          "isFirstModelYearForModule": true,
          "isLastModelYearForModule": false
        },
        {
          "name": "T5 R-Design",
          "description": "Sport‑oriented R‑Design trim fitted with the T5 Drive‑E 2.0L turbocharged I4; R‑Design adds sport suspension tuning, unique exterior/trim cues and sport seats. For 2017 the R‑Design package emphasized handling and styling rather than additional engine output.",
          "packages": [
            {
              "name": "T5 R-Design (base)",
              "msrp": "$36,295",
              "difference": "Base R‑Design equipment (FWD in base form)."
            },
            {
              "name": "T5 R-Design AWD",
              "msrp": "$38,795",
              "difference": "Adds AWD and R‑Design sport chassis hardware (+$2,500)."
            }
          ],
          "engine": "2.0L Turbo I4 (Drive‑E)",
          "power": "240 hp / 258 lb‑ft",
          "drive": "FWD",
          "transmission": "8-speed automatic",
          "economy": "23/33 mpg (FWD); 22/30 mpg (AWD)",
          "zeroToSixty": "6.3 s",
          "topSpeed": "130 mph",
          "safetyRating": "5 / 5 ★ (NHTSA)",
          "seats": "5",
          "cargo": "11.6 cu ft",
          "airbags": "8 airbags",
          "highlights": [
            "Sport suspension and R‑Design exterior/interior styling",
            "Available performance brakes and larger wheels",
            "Sport seats and steering wheel with R‑Design trim"
          ],
          "video": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=L-d6oUawX54",
          "image": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/a5/Volvo_S60_Polestar_%2836941641351%29.jpg",
          "isFirstModelYearForModule": true,
          "isLastModelYearForModule": false
        },
        {
          "name": "T5 Inscription",
          "description": "Inscription is the luxury‑oriented trim packaged with the T5 2.0L turbo Drive‑E engine; it emphasizes premium interior materials, comfort features and extra equipment relative to Momentum. The 2017 Inscription continued the higher‑grade appointments introduced earlier in the second‑generation lifecycle.",
          "packages": [
            {
              "name": "T5 Inscription (base)",
              "msrp": "$39,295",
              "difference": "Base Inscription equipment (luxury focus)."
            },
            {
              "name": "T5 Inscription AWD",
              "msrp": "$41,795",
              "difference": "Adds AWD to the Inscription luxury package (+$2,500)."
            }
          ],
          "engine": "2.0L Turbo I4 (Drive‑E)",
          "power": "240 hp / 258 lb‑ft",
          "drive": "FWD",
          "transmission": "8-speed automatic",
          "economy": "23/34 mpg (FWD); 22/31 mpg (AWD)",
          "zeroToSixty": "6.5 s",
          "topSpeed": "130 mph",
          "safetyRating": "5 / 5 ★ (NHTSA)",
          "seats": "5",
          "cargo": "11.6 cu ft",
          "airbags": "8 airbags",
          "highlights": [
            "Higher‑grade cabin materials and Inscription‑specific trim",
            "Comfort and convenience features such as upgraded upholstery",
            "Advanced safety systems available as standard or optional"
          ],
          "video": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1CFEIRGdttk",
          "image": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/88/Volvo_S60_02_China_2017-03-20.jpg",
          "isFirstModelYearForModule": true,
          "isLastModelYearForModule": false
        },
        {
          "name": "T6 R-Design",
          "description": "T6‑badged R‑Design pairs the sport‑oriented R‑Design trim with Volvo’s twincharged Drive‑E 2.0L (turbo + supercharger) powerplant (badged T6) and AWD; geared toward stronger on‑road performance and midrange torque.",
          "packages": [
            {
              "name": "T6 R-Design (base)",
              "msrp": "$43,845",
              "difference": "Base T6 R‑Design (AWD) — sport suspension and R‑Design trim included."
            },
            {
              "name": "T6 R-Design Polestar Performance",
              "msrp": "$47,845",
              "difference": "Adds factory Polestar performance upgrades (increased power, suspension tweaks)."
            }
          ],
          "engine": "2.0L Turbo + Supercharged I4 (Drive‑E)",
          "power": "302 hp / 295 lb‑ft",
          "drive": "AWD",
          "transmission": "8-speed automatic",
          "economy": "20/28 mpg (AWD)",
          "zeroToSixty": "5.5 s",
          "topSpeed": "155 mph",
          "safetyRating": "5 / 5 ★ (NHTSA)",
          "seats": "5",
          "cargo": "11.6 cu ft",
          "airbags": "8 airbags",
          "highlights": [
            "Twincharged Drive‑E power for stronger midrange performance",
            "R‑Design handling upgrades (sports suspension, wheels)",
            "AWD standard on T6 R‑Design configurations"
          ],
          "video": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8qXhyu0TZCE",
          "image": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/a5/Volvo_S60_Polestar_%2836941641351%29.jpg",
          "isFirstModelYearForModule": true,
          "isLastModelYearForModule": false
        },
        {
          "name": "T6 Inscription",
          "description": "T6 Inscription pairs the twincharged T6 engine with Inscription luxury equipment, offering a blend of stronger performance and premium interior appointments for 2017.",
          "packages": [
            {
              "name": "T6 Inscription (base)",
              "msrp": "$44,295",
              "difference": "Base T6 Inscription (AWD) — luxury equipment with T6 drivetrain."
            },
            {
              "name": "T6 Inscription Polestar Performance",
              "msrp": "$48,295",
              "difference": "Adds Polestar performance upgrades where available (+ power/tuning)."
            }
          ],
          "engine": "2.0L Turbo + Supercharged I4 (Drive‑E)",
          "power": "302 hp / 295 lb‑ft",
          "drive": "AWD",
          "transmission": "8-speed automatic",
          "economy": "20/28 mpg (AWD)",
          "zeroToSixty": "5.5 s",
          "topSpeed": "155 mph",
          "safetyRating": "5 / 5 ★ (NHTSA)",
          "seats": "5",
          "cargo": "11.6 cu ft",
          "airbags": "8 airbags",
          "highlights": [
            "Luxury‑focused Inscription equipment matched with the T6 powertrain",
            "Premium interior materials and comfort features",
            "AWD and advanced safety equipment"
          ],
          "video": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Fv3RvEOBTC0",
          "image": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/88/Volvo_S60_02_China_2017-03-20.jpg",
          "isFirstModelYearForModule": true,
          "isLastModelYearForModule": false
        },
        {
          "name": "Polestar",
          "description": "Polestar is the factory‑tuned high‑performance variant applied to the S60/V60 range; it augments the T6 Drive‑E powertrain with higher output tuning, upgraded chassis components and bespoke brakes/wheels. Polestar models were limited‑availability, track‑oriented factory variants in the late second‑generation S60 lineup.",
          "packages": [
            {
              "name": "Polestar (base)",
              "msrp": "$62,900",
              "difference": "Polestar performance model — significantly higher output and chassis upgrades vs T6."
            }
          ],
          "engine": "Polestar‑tuned 2.0L Turbo + Supercharged I4 (Drive‑E)",
          "power": "362 hp / 347 lb‑ft",
          "drive": "AWD",
          "transmission": "8-speed automatic",
          "economy": "18/26 mpg (AWD)",
          "zeroToSixty": "4.7 s",
          "topSpeed": "155 mph (limited)",
          "safetyRating": "5 / 5 ★ (NHTSA)",
          "seats": "5",
          "cargo": "11.6 cu ft",
          "airbags": "8 airbags",
          "highlights": [
            "Factory Polestar performance tuning (engine and chassis)",
            "Upgraded brakes, suspension and distinct styling cues",
            "Limited/market availability and bespoke detailing"
          ],
          "video": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WYP_IZxfIuE",
          "image": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/a5/Volvo_S60_Polestar_%2836941641351%29.jpg",
          "isFirstModelYearForModule": true,
          "isLastModelYearForModule": false
        }
      ]
    },
    "2018": {
      "trims": [
        {
          "name": "Dynamic",
          "description": "Entry‑level appearance/equipment level for the U.S. 2018 S60 lineup, typically equipped with Volvo’s T5 2.0‑liter turbocharged four‑cylinder engine in base specification; available Technology package adds upgraded headlights and driver‑assist features.",
          "packages": [
            {
              "name": "Dynamic",
              "msrp": "$34,450",
              "difference": "Base variant; MSRP varies with engine and options."
            },
            {
              "name": "Dynamic AWD",
              "msrp": "$36,450",
              "difference": "Adds all‑wheel drive (+~$2,000) and related hardware."
            }
          ],
          "engine": "2.0L Turbo I4 (T5)",
          "power": "250 hp / 258 lb-ft",
          "drive": "FWD",
          "transmission": "8-speed automatic",
          "economy": "24/34 mpg",
          "zeroToSixty": "6.9 s",
          "topSpeed": "130 mph",
          "safetyRating": "Top Safety Pick (IIHS) — crashworthiness rated Good; award depends on headlight option.",
          "seats": "5",
          "cargo": "11.6 cu ft",
          "airbags": "8 airbags",
          "highlights": [
            "Volvo Sensus infotainment and minimalist interior",
            "Standard Volvo active safety suite with optional Technology package",
            "IIHS Top Safety Pick possible with qualifying headlights",
            "Available AWD as a packaged option"
          ],
          "video": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cJbwAc1QsXg",
          "image": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d3/2018_Volvo_S60_T5_Dynamic_AWD_in_Ice_White%2C_front_left%2C_2023-06-16.jpg",
          "isFirstModelYearForModule": true,
          "isLastModelYearForModule": true
        },
        {
          "name": "R-Design",
          "description": "Sport‑oriented trim with firmer suspension tuning, sport seats and unique styling cues; typically offered with higher‑output T6 power in the U.S. when buyers opted for the performance‑oriented powertrain.",
          "packages": [
            {
              "name": "R-Design",
              "msrp": "$36,850",
              "difference": "Sport‑tuned base variant; MSRP varies with engine and options."
            },
            {
              "name": "R-Design T6 AWD",
              "msrp": "$39,850",
              "difference": "Includes T6 power and standard AWD (+~$3,000)."
            }
          ],
          "engine": "2.0L Turbo & Supercharged I4 (T6)",
          "power": "316 hp / 295 lb-ft",
          "drive": "AWD",
          "transmission": "8-speed automatic",
          "economy": "22/30 mpg",
          "zeroToSixty": "5.9 s",
          "topSpeed": "155 mph",
          "safetyRating": "Top Safety Pick (IIHS) — crashworthiness rated Good; headlight fitment affects award.",
          "seats": "5",
          "cargo": "11.6 cu ft",
          "airbags": "8 airbags",
          "highlights": [
            "R‑Design sport chassis and steering tuning",
            "Unique exterior and interior trim, sport seats",
            "Available advanced driver aids and Technology package"
          ],
          "video": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Smbm9tkDXzg",
          "image": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d9/Volvo_S60_RDesign_in_Negev_Desert.jpg",
          "isFirstModelYearForModule": true,
          "isLastModelYearForModule": true
        },
        {
          "name": "Inscription",
          "description": "Luxury‑focused appearance level emphasizing premium interior materials, chrome exterior details and comfort‑oriented equipment; offered with T5 (and optional T6) power in the U.S. market.",
          "packages": [
            {
              "name": "Inscription",
              "msrp": "$39,350",
              "difference": "Luxury‑oriented base variant; MSRP varies with engine and options."
            },
            {
              "name": "Inscription T6 AWD",
              "msrp": "$42,350",
              "difference": "Adds T6 power and AWD (+~$3,000)."
            }
          ],
          "engine": "2.0L Turbo I4 (T5)",
          "power": "250 hp / 258 lb-ft",
          "drive": "FWD",
          "transmission": "8-speed automatic",
          "economy": "24/34 mpg",
          "zeroToSixty": "6.9 s",
          "topSpeed": "130 mph",
          "safetyRating": "Top Safety Pick (IIHS) — crashworthiness rated Good; award depends on headlights.",
          "seats": "5",
          "cargo": "11.6 cu ft",
          "airbags": "8 airbags",
          "highlights": [
            "Upgraded leather and trim materials",
            "Comfort and convenience features and optional premium audio",
            "Technology package available for added driver assists and headlight upgrades"
          ],
          "video": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5YGKYawYX8c",
          "image": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/31/Volvo_S60_Belgium_Diplomatic_plate_%2843525507700%29.jpg",
          "isFirstModelYearForModule": false,
          "isLastModelYearForModule": false
        },
        {
          "name": "Inscription Platinum",
          "description": "Top‑level Inscription sub‑trim with additional equipment, exclusive finishes and convenience features; represents the highest comfort/specification level in the 2018 U.S. S60 range.",
          "packages": [
            {
              "name": "Inscription Platinum",
              "msrp": "$41,800",
              "difference": "Inscription with additional luxury equipment."
            },
            {
              "name": "Inscription Platinum T6 AWD",
              "msrp": "$44,800",
              "difference": "T6 power and standard AWD (+~$3,000)."
            }
          ],
          "engine": "2.0L Turbo & Supercharged I4 (T6)",
          "power": "316 hp / 295 lb-ft",
          "drive": "AWD",
          "transmission": "8-speed automatic",
          "economy": "22/30 mpg",
          "zeroToSixty": "5.9 s",
          "topSpeed": "155 mph",
          "safetyRating": "Top Safety Pick (IIHS) — crashworthiness rated Good; depends on headlight option.",
          "seats": "5",
          "cargo": "11.6 cu ft",
          "airbags": "8 airbags",
          "highlights": [
            "Highest Inscription equipment and exclusive trim options",
            "Comfort and tech features standard or available",
            "Headlight/Technology package affects IIHS award eligibility"
          ],
          "video": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=R2Sh_OQtXuA",
          "image": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/15/Volvo_S60_D2_Comfort_2018.jpg",
          "isFirstModelYearForModule": true,
          "isLastModelYearForModule": true
        },
        {
          "name": "Polestar",
          "description": "Factory performance variant prepared by Volvo’s Polestar division; includes powertrain and chassis tuning above standard T6 output along with unique visual and braking upgrades.",
          "packages": [
            {
              "name": "Polestar",
              "msrp": "$52,450",
              "difference": "High‑performance Polestar variant with Polestar tuning and hardware; MSRP varies with options."
            }
          ],
          "engine": "2.0L Turbo & Supercharged I4 (Polestar‑tuned)",
          "power": "362 hp / 347 lb-ft",
          "drive": "AWD",
          "transmission": "8-speed automatic",
          "economy": "18/26 mpg",
          "zeroToSixty": "4.6 s",
          "topSpeed": "155 mph",
          "safetyRating": "Top Safety Pick (IIHS) — crashworthiness rated Good for applicable configurations.",
          "seats": "5",
          "cargo": "11.6 cu ft",
          "airbags": "8 airbags",
          "highlights": [
            "Polestar engine and chassis calibration",
            "Upgraded brakes and unique styling elements",
            "Positioned as the top factory performance model"
          ],
          "video": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=W_DPbNbEfxs",
          "image": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/a5/Volvo_S60_Polestar_%2836941641351%29.jpg",
          "isFirstModelYearForModule": false,
          "isLastModelYearForModule": true
        }
      ]
    },
    "2019": {
      "trims": [
        {
          "name": "T5 Momentum",
          "description": "Momentum is the entry trim for 2019 and pairs the T5 2.0‑liter turbocharged four with front‑wheel drive and an 8‑speed automatic. The 2019 S60 is an all‑new third‑generation model (SPA architecture, longer wheelbase and revised suspension) so Momentum represents the base equipment on the redesigned sedan. Starting MSRP for the S60 T5 Momentum was $36,795.",
          "packages": [
            {
              "name": "T5 Momentum",
              "msrp": "$36,795",
              "difference": "Base variant (FWD)."
            }
          ],
          "engine": "2.0L turbocharged I4",
          "power": "250 hp / 258 lb-ft",
          "drive": "FWD",
          "transmission": "8-speed automatic",
          "economy": "24/36 mpg",
          "zeroToSixty": "6.9 s",
          "topSpeed": "",
          "safetyRating": "Good across IIHS crashworthiness; front crash prevention: Superior; headlights: Marginal (IIHS)",
          "seats": "5",
          "cargo": "11.6 cu ft",
          "airbags": "8 airbags",
          "highlights": [
            "City Safety with Steering Support (standard)",
            "9.0‑inch Sensus touchscreen and 8.0‑inch gauge display",
            "Panoramic roof and 18‑inch wheels (standard on Momentum)",
            "Leatherette seating and power front seats"
          ],
          "video": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NaSLfz_zYUc",
          "image": "",
          "isFirstModelYearForModule": false,
          "isLastModelYearForModule": true
        },
        {
          "name": "T6 Momentum",
          "description": "The T6 Momentum swaps the T5 for Volvo's turbo‑and‑supercharged 2.0‑liter engine with standard AWD, delivering stronger performance while keeping Momentum equipment. As part of the 2019 redesign the T6 gained the SPA chassis and updated interior/tech; starting MSRP was $41,295.",
          "packages": [
            {
              "name": "T6 Momentum",
              "msrp": "$41,295",
              "difference": "Base variant (AWD)."
            }
          ],
          "engine": "2.0L turbocharged & supercharged I4",
          "power": "316 hp / 295 lb-ft",
          "drive": "AWD",
          "transmission": "8-speed automatic",
          "economy": "21/32 mpg",
          "zeroToSixty": "5.8 s",
          "topSpeed": "",
          "safetyRating": "Good across IIHS crashworthiness; front crash prevention: Superior; headlights: Marginal (IIHS)",
          "seats": "5",
          "cargo": "11.6 cu ft",
          "airbags": "8 airbags",
          "highlights": [
            "Turbo+supercharged T6 engine with AWD (standard)",
            "Heated front seats on T6 Momentum",
            "9.0‑inch Sensus touchscreen and advanced driver assistance features",
            "Automatic climate control and available premium audio packages"
          ],
          "video": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=G38rroRhSvA",
          "image": "",
          "isFirstModelYearForModule": true,
          "isLastModelYearForModule": true
        },
        {
          "name": "T5 R-Design",
          "description": "R‑Design is the sport styling/package for the S60 and, with the T5 mill, delivers the entry‑level sport flavor (sport bumpers, sport seats and R‑Design trim cues) on a front‑drive platform. The 2019 R‑Design continues as the sporty appearance and suspension package for the redesigned S60; starting MSRP for the T5 R‑Design was $42,895.",
          "packages": [
            {
              "name": "T5 R-Design",
              "msrp": "$42,895",
              "difference": "Base variant (FWD, sport trim)."
            }
          ],
          "engine": "2.0L turbocharged I4",
          "power": "250 hp / 258 lb-ft",
          "drive": "FWD",
          "transmission": "8-speed automatic",
          "economy": "24/36 mpg",
          "zeroToSixty": "6.9 s",
          "topSpeed": "",
          "safetyRating": "Good across IIHS crashworthiness; front crash prevention: Superior; headlights: Marginal (IIHS)",
          "seats": "5",
          "cargo": "11.6 cu ft",
          "airbags": "8 airbags",
          "highlights": [
            "R‑Design sport exterior (unique bumpers, grille and trim)",
            "Sport seats and sport suspension tuning",
            "12.3‑inch digital instrument cluster available",
            "Available premium audio and navigation"
          ],
          "video": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SGq4rKz3Exs",
          "image": "",
          "isFirstModelYearForModule": false,
          "isLastModelYearForModule": true
        },
        {
          "name": "T5 Inscription",
          "description": "Inscription is the luxury‑oriented trim on the S60; with the T5 engine it brings the upscale interior materials (bright chrome trim, driftwood inlays on some configs), comfort features and the 2019 model's refreshed cabin layout. Starting MSRP for the T5 Inscription was $43,895.",
          "packages": [
            {
              "name": "T5 Inscription",
              "msrp": "$43,895",
              "difference": "Base variant (FWD, luxury trim)."
            }
          ],
          "engine": "2.0L turbocharged I4",
          "power": "250 hp / 258 lb-ft",
          "drive": "FWD",
          "transmission": "8-speed automatic",
          "economy": "24/36 mpg",
          "zeroToSixty": "6.9 s",
          "topSpeed": "",
          "safetyRating": "Good across IIHS crashworthiness; front crash prevention: Superior; headlights: Marginal (IIHS)",
          "seats": "5",
          "cargo": "11.6 cu ft",
          "airbags": "8 airbags",
          "highlights": [
            "Luxury Inscription trim with chrome exterior details and higher‑grade interior materials",
            "Four‑zone climate control available on higher specs",
            "Power front seats with lumbar and extended cushion options",
            "Optional Bowers & Wilkins audio"
          ],
          "video": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Uk9ydnxKPDQ",
          "image": "",
          "isFirstModelYearForModule": false,
          "isLastModelYearForModule": true
        },
        {
          "name": "T6 R-Design",
          "description": "The T6 R‑Design pairs the 316‑hp turbo/supercharged 2.0 with R‑Design sport trim and standard AWD for a performance‑biased S60 in the 2019 lineup. The 2019 model's new platform sharpened handling and packaging; starting MSRP for the T6 R‑Design was $47,395.",
          "packages": [
            {
              "name": "T6 R-Design",
              "msrp": "$47,395",
              "difference": "Base variant (AWD, sport trim)."
            }
          ],
          "engine": "2.0L turbocharged & supercharged I4",
          "power": "316 hp / 295 lb-ft",
          "drive": "AWD",
          "transmission": "8-speed automatic",
          "economy": "21/32 mpg",
          "zeroToSixty": "5.8 s",
          "topSpeed": "",
          "safetyRating": "Good across IIHS crashworthiness; front crash prevention: Superior; headlights: Marginal (IIHS)",
          "seats": "5",
          "cargo": "11.6 cu ft",
          "airbags": "8 airbags",
          "highlights": [
            "R‑Design performance styling with sport seats and chassis tuning",
            "316‑hp T6 engine with standard AWD",
            "Available driver assistance features including blind‑spot and cross‑traffic alert",
            "Optional premium audio and navigation"
          ],
          "video": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=c-3Yslbmowk",
          "image": "",
          "isFirstModelYearForModule": false,
          "isLastModelYearForModule": true
        },
        {
          "name": "T6 Inscription",
          "description": "T6 Inscription combines the turbo+supercharged T6 powertrain (AWD) with Inscription luxury appointments. On the 2019 S60 this means the stronger T6 performance alongside the luxury‑focused trim and comfort options; starting MSRP was $48,395.",
          "packages": [
            {
              "name": "T6 Inscription",
              "msrp": "$48,395",
              "difference": "Base variant (AWD, luxury trim)."
            }
          ],
          "engine": "2.0L turbocharged & supercharged I4",
          "power": "316 hp / 295 lb-ft",
          "drive": "AWD",
          "transmission": "8-speed automatic",
          "economy": "21/32 mpg",
          "zeroToSixty": "5.8 s",
          "topSpeed": "",
          "safetyRating": "Good across IIHS crashworthiness; front crash prevention: Superior; headlights: Marginal (IIHS)",
          "seats": "5",
          "cargo": "11.6 cu ft",
          "airbags": "8 airbags",
          "highlights": [
            "T6 power with luxury Inscription appointments (chrome/wood trim)",
            "Standard AWD and improved rear‑seat legroom from the longer wheelbase",
            "Four‑zone climate control available and higher‑end audio options",
            "Volvo safety and driver‑assist tech standard/optional"
          ],
          "video": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=A2Jayzw23eI",
          "image": "",
          "isFirstModelYearForModule": false,
          "isLastModelYearForModule": true
        },
        {
          "name": "T8 R-Design (PHEV)",
          "description": "The T8 R‑Design is the plug‑in hybrid (PHEV) performance variant that pairs Volvo's turbo/supercharged 2.0‑liter engine with a rear electric motor to deliver roughly 400 hp combined in an e‑AWD layout. The 2019 T8 carried an EPA combined rating near 31 mpg and an MPGe rating near 74 with roughly 21 miles of electric range; starting MSRP for the T8 R‑Design was $55,395.",
          "packages": [
            {
              "name": "T8 R-Design",
              "msrp": "$55,395",
              "difference": "Base variant (PHEV, eAWD)."
            }
          ],
          "engine": "2.0L turbocharged & supercharged I4 + rear electric motor (PHEV)",
          "power": "400 hp / 472 lb-ft (combined)",
          "drive": "AWD",
          "transmission": "8-speed automatic",
          "economy": "31 mpg (combined); 74 MPGe; ~21 mi electric range",
          "zeroToSixty": "4.7 s",
          "topSpeed": "",
          "safetyRating": "Good across IIHS crashworthiness; front crash prevention: Superior; headlights: Marginal (IIHS)",
          "seats": "5",
          "cargo": "11.6 cu ft",
          "airbags": "8 airbags",
          "highlights": [
            "Plug‑in hybrid drivetrain with ~21 miles all‑electric range",
            "e‑AWD (electric rear motor) for on‑demand rear drive",
            "High combined power (~400 hp) and Polestar‑tuned options on performance models",
            "Available premium audio and advanced driver assists"
          ],
          "video": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=huigVaas1O0",
          "image": "",
          "isFirstModelYearForModule": true,
          "isLastModelYearForModule": true
        },
        {
          "name": "T8 Inscription (PHEV)",
          "description": "The T8 Inscription pairs the T8 plug‑in hybrid drivetrain with the Inscription's luxury appointments — chrome trim, upscale inlays and advanced comfort options — and was the range‑topping luxury PHEV for 2019. Starting MSRP for the T8 Inscription was $56,395.",
          "packages": [
            {
              "name": "T8 Inscription",
              "msrp": "$56,395",
              "difference": "Base variant (PHEV, AWD, luxury trim)."
            }
          ],
          "engine": "2.0L turbocharged & supercharged I4 + rear electric motor (PHEV)",
          "power": "400 hp / 472 lb-ft (combined)",
          "drive": "AWD",
          "transmission": "8-speed automatic",
          "economy": "31 mpg (combined); 74 MPGe; ~21 mi electric range",
          "zeroToSixty": "4.7 s",
          "topSpeed": "",
          "safetyRating": "Good across IIHS crashworthiness; front crash prevention: Superior; headlights: Marginal (IIHS)",
          "seats": "5",
          "cargo": "11.6 cu ft",
          "airbags": "8 airbags",
          "highlights": [
            "Luxury Inscription trim married to the T8 PHEV powertrain",
            "~21 miles of electric range with selectable drive modes (Pure/Hybrid/Power)",
            "High‑end interior materials and available Bowers & Wilkins audio",
            "Available Pilot Assist and 360‑degree camera options"
          ],
          "video": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uwlnI4f_crc",
          "image": "",
          "isFirstModelYearForModule": true,
          "isLastModelYearForModule": true
        }
      ]
    },
    "2020": {
      "trims": [
        {
          "name": "Momentum",
          "description": "Momentum is the base trim for the third‑generation S60, carrying standard comfort and safety equipment along with Volvo’s portrait infotainment screen. For 2020 Momentum served as the entry package that could be ordered with the T5 turbo (FWD/AWD), the T6 supercharged+turbo (AWD) or the T8 Recharge plug‑in hybrid (AWD). The 2020 Momentum was a carryover from the 2019 redesign with no major mechanical changes.",
          "packages": [
            {
              "name": "Momentum",
              "msrp": "$36,645",
              "difference": "Base variant (T5 FWD)."
            },
            {
              "name": "Momentum — T5 (FWD)",
              "msrp": "$36,645",
              "difference": "T5 turbocharged 2.0L; front‑wheel drive (same as base)."
            },
            {
              "name": "Momentum — T5 (AWD)",
              "msrp": "$38,345",
              "difference": "T5 with available all‑wheel drive (+$1,700)."
            },
            {
              "name": "Momentum — T6 (AWD)",
              "msrp": "$41,445",
              "difference": "Higher‑output T6 powertrain with AWD (+$4,800 vs base)."
            },
            {
              "name": "Momentum — T8 Recharge (PHEV)",
              "msrp": "$47,995",
              "difference": "Plug‑in hybrid T8 combines the 2.0L engine and electric motor (larger price premium)."
            }
          ],
          "engine": "2.0L turbo I4 (T5); 2.0L supercharged+turbo I4 (T6); 2.0L turbo I4 + electric motor (T8 PHEV)",
          "power": "250 hp (T5); 316 hp (T6); 400 hp combined (T8)",
          "drive": "FWD / AWD (varies by powertrain)",
          "transmission": "8‑speed automatic",
          "economy": "T5 (FWD): 23/34 mpg; T5 (AWD): 22/31 mpg; T6 (AWD): 21/30 mpg; T8 (PHEV): 69 MPGe (electric+gas), 30 mpg (gas only)",
          "zeroToSixty": "T5 ~6.5 s; T6 ~4.8 s; T8 ~4.2 s",
          "topSpeed": "",
          "safetyRating": "5 / 5 ★ (NHTSA)",
          "seats": "5",
          "cargo": "11.6 cu ft",
          "airbags": "8 airbags",
          "highlights": [
            "Volvo’s City Safety and Pilot Assist driver‑assist suite",
            "Minimalist Scandinavian interior with portrait touchscreen",
            "Available T8 plug‑in hybrid for very high combined output"
          ],
          "video": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZjznyRqSmqw",
          "image": "",
          "isFirstModelYearForModule": true,
          "isLastModelYearForModule": false
        },
        {
          "name": "R‑Design",
          "description": "R‑Design is the sport‑oriented trim with unique exterior and interior styling touches, sport seats and firmer suspension tuning. For 2020 R‑Design was offered with the same family of 2.0L powertrains (T5/T6/T8) as other trims; choosing R‑Design changes appearance and chassis tuning but does not change the available engine family.",
          "packages": [
            {
              "name": "R‑Design",
              "msrp": "$39,545",
              "difference": "Base R‑Design variant (sport appearance and suspension)."
            },
            {
              "name": "R‑Design — T5 (FWD)",
              "msrp": "$39,545",
              "difference": "T5 turbocharged 2.0L; front‑wheel drive (base R‑Design)."
            },
            {
              "name": "R‑Design — T5 (AWD)",
              "msrp": "$41,245",
              "difference": "T5 with available AWD (+$1,700)."
            },
            {
              "name": "R‑Design — T6 (AWD)",
              "msrp": "$44,345",
              "difference": "Higher‑output T6 powertrain with AWD (+$4,800 vs base)."
            },
            {
              "name": "R‑Design — T8 Recharge (PHEV)",
              "msrp": "$50,895",
              "difference": "Plug‑in hybrid variant with R‑Design appearance and PHEV hardware (price premium)."
            }
          ],
          "engine": "2.0L turbo I4 (T5); 2.0L supercharged+turbo I4 (T6); 2.0L turbo I4 + electric motor (T8 PHEV)",
          "power": "250 hp (T5); 316 hp (T6); 400 hp combined (T8)",
          "drive": "FWD / AWD (varies by powertrain)",
          "transmission": "8‑speed automatic",
          "economy": "T5 (FWD): 23/34 mpg; T5 (AWD): 22/31 mpg; T6 (AWD): 21/30 mpg; T8 (PHEV): 69 MPGe (electric+gas), 30 mpg (gas only)",
          "zeroToSixty": "T5 ~6.5 s; T6 ~4.8 s; T8 ~4.2 s",
          "topSpeed": "",
          "safetyRating": "5 / 5 ★ (NHTSA)",
          "seats": "5",
          "cargo": "11.6 cu ft",
          "airbags": "8 airbags",
          "highlights": [
            "Sport‑tuned chassis and R‑Design styling cues",
            "Available high‑output T6 and T8 drivetrains",
            "Upgraded seats and interior trim relative to Momentum"
          ],
          "video": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SE51Q_kNltE",
          "image": "",
          "isFirstModelYearForModule": true,
          "isLastModelYearForModule": false
        },
        {
          "name": "Inscription",
          "description": "Inscription is the luxury‑focused trim, emphasizing premium materials, comfort features and chrome/brightwork exterior details. The 2020 Inscription could be ordered with T5, T6 or T8 drivetrains and typically included the most passenger‑comfort equipment as standard.",
          "packages": [
            {
              "name": "Inscription",
              "msrp": "$42,445",
              "difference": "Base Inscription variant (luxury‑oriented trim)."
            },
            {
              "name": "Inscription — T5 (FWD)",
              "msrp": "$42,445",
              "difference": "T5 turbocharged 2.0L; front‑wheel drive where configured."
            },
            {
              "name": "Inscription — T5 (AWD)",
              "msrp": "$44,145",
              "difference": "T5 with AWD option (+$1,700)."
            },
            {
              "name": "Inscription — T6 (AWD)",
              "msrp": "$47,245",
              "difference": "T6 powertrain with AWD (+$4,800 vs base)."
            },
            {
              "name": "Inscription — T8 Recharge (PHEV)",
              "msrp": "$53,795",
              "difference": "Plug‑in hybrid T8 available with Inscription luxury equipment (price premium)."
            }
          ],
          "engine": "2.0L turbo I4 (T5); 2.0L supercharged+turbo I4 (T6); 2.0L turbo I4 + electric motor (T8 PHEV)",
          "power": "250 hp (T5); 316 hp (T6); 400 hp combined (T8)",
          "drive": "FWD / AWD (varies by powertrain)",
          "transmission": "8‑speed automatic",
          "economy": "T5 (FWD): 23/34 mpg; T5 (AWD): 22/31 mpg; T6 (AWD): 21/30 mpg; T8 (PHEV): 69 MPGe (electric+gas), 30 mpg (gas only)",
          "zeroToSixty": "T5 ~6.5 s; T6 ~4.8 s; T8 ~4.2 s",
          "topSpeed": "",
          "safetyRating": "5 / 5 ★ (NHTSA)",
          "seats": "5",
          "cargo": "11.6 cu ft",
          "airbags": "8 airbags",
          "highlights": [
            "Premium interior materials and comfort‑oriented features",
            "Available advanced safety and convenience packages",
            "Typically the most fully‑equipped trim level"
          ],
          "video": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tc9rNEWdIVQ",
          "image": "",
          "isFirstModelYearForModule": false,
          "isLastModelYearForModule": false
        }
      ]
    },
    "2021": {
      "trims": [
        {
          "name": "T5 FWD Momentum",
          "description": "Base Momentum trim powered by Volvo’s 2.0‑liter turbocharged four-cylinder (T5). Provides the core S60 package — active safety suite, portrait touchscreen, and available premium audio — at the entry price. Starting MSRP for the 2021 S60 T5 Momentum (FWD) was approximately $39,995.",
          "packages": [
            {
              "name": "T5 Momentum",
              "msrp": "$39,995",
              "difference": "Base variant (FWD)."
            },
            {
              "name": "T5 Momentum AWD",
              "msrp": "~$42,400",
              "difference": "Optional AWD; EPA economy falls to 22/33 mpg when equipped (versus 23/34 mpg FWD)."
            }
          ],
          "engine": "2.0L Turbo I4",
          "power": "250 hp / 258 lb-ft",
          "drive": "FWD",
          "transmission": "8-speed automatic",
          "economy": "23/34 mpg",
          "zeroToSixty": "",
          "topSpeed": "",
          "safetyRating": "5 / 5 ★ (NHTSA); IIHS Top Safety Pick",
          "seats": "5",
          "cargo": "11.6 cu ft",
          "airbags": "8 airbags",
          "highlights": [
            "Standard suite of active safety features (blind‑spot monitoring, rear cross‑traffic alert, forward automatic emergency braking)",
            "Keyless entry and convenience features on Momentum",
            "9‑inch portrait infotainment with Apple CarPlay/Android Auto; optional Harman Kardon audio",
            "Available AWD for improved traction"
          ],
          "video": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QsI_Et-AqPc",
          "image": "",
          "isFirstModelYearForModule": true,
          "isLastModelYearForModule": true
        },
        {
          "name": "T5 FWD R‑Design",
          "description": "Sport‑oriented R‑Design styling and chassis tuning combined with the T5 2.0‑liter turbo engine. R‑Design adds visual upgrades and sport seats while keeping the same 250‑hp powertrain; 2021 MSRP for the T5 R‑Design was about $42,995.",
          "packages": [
            {
              "name": "T5 R‑Design",
              "msrp": "$42,995",
              "difference": "Base variant (FWD)."
            },
            {
              "name": "T5 R‑Design AWD",
              "msrp": "~$45,600",
              "difference": "Optional AWD; EPA economy: 22/33 mpg when equipped versus 23/34 mpg FWD."
            }
          ],
          "engine": "2.0L Turbo I4",
          "power": "250 hp / 258 lb-ft",
          "drive": "FWD",
          "transmission": "8-speed automatic",
          "economy": "23/34 mpg",
          "zeroToSixty": "",
          "topSpeed": "",
          "safetyRating": "5 / 5 ★ (NHTSA); IIHS Top Safety Pick",
          "seats": "5",
          "cargo": "11.6 cu ft",
          "airbags": "8 airbags",
          "highlights": [
            "Sport‑tuned appearance and chassis versus Momentum",
            "14‑speaker Harman Kardon audio standard on R‑Design",
            "Adaptive LED headlights and comprehensive driver aids",
            "Distinctive exterior trim (gloss black grille surrounds)"
          ],
          "video": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1K6DiDPpirI",
          "image": "",
          "isFirstModelYearForModule": true,
          "isLastModelYearForModule": true
        },
        {
          "name": "T5 FWD Inscription",
          "description": "Inscription is the luxury‑focused trim offering upgraded upholstery and comfort features (ventilated/massaging seats available) while using the same 2.0‑liter T5 engine. 2021 MSRP for the T5 Inscription was about $42,995.",
          "packages": [
            {
              "name": "T5 Inscription",
              "msrp": "$42,995",
              "difference": "Base variant (FWD)."
            },
            {
              "name": "T5 Inscription AWD",
              "msrp": "~$45,600",
              "difference": "Optional AWD; EPA economy: 22/33 mpg when equipped versus 23/34 mpg FWD."
            }
          ],
          "engine": "2.0L Turbo I4",
          "power": "250 hp / 258 lb-ft",
          "drive": "FWD",
          "transmission": "8-speed automatic",
          "economy": "23/34 mpg",
          "zeroToSixty": "",
          "topSpeed": "",
          "safetyRating": "5 / 5 ★ (NHTSA); IIHS Top Safety Pick",
          "seats": "5",
          "cargo": "11.6 cu ft",
          "airbags": "8 airbags",
          "highlights": [
            "Luxury‑oriented appointments with higher‑grade Nappa leather optional",
            "Available ventilated and massaging front seats on Inscription",
            "Premium audio options (Harman Kardon or Bowers & Wilkins)",
            "Comprehensive active safety systems"
          ],
          "video": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=aVs-aLS2CNU",
          "image": "",
          "isFirstModelYearForModule": true,
          "isLastModelYearForModule": true
        },
        {
          "name": "T6 AWD Momentum",
          "description": "T6 uses Volvo’s twin‑charged (supercharged + turbocharged) 2.0‑liter four for stronger performance and comes with AWD on the T6 Momentum offering (limited availability in 2021). Listed MSRP for the T6 Momentum in 2021 was about $43,295.",
          "packages": [
            {
              "name": "T6 Momentum",
              "msrp": "$43,295",
              "difference": "Base variant (AWD)."
            }
          ],
          "engine": "2.0L Turbo & Supercharged I4",
          "power": "316 hp / 295 lb-ft",
          "drive": "AWD",
          "transmission": "8-speed automatic",
          "economy": "21/32 mpg",
          "zeroToSixty": "",
          "topSpeed": "",
          "safetyRating": "5 / 5 ★ (NHTSA); IIHS Top Safety Pick",
          "seats": "5",
          "cargo": "11.6 cu ft",
          "airbags": "8 airbags",
          "highlights": [
            "Twincharged 2.0L (turbo + supercharger) for stronger acceleration",
            "Standard AWD on the T6 Momentum listing",
            "Same safety and infotainment suite as other trims",
            "Adaptive LED headlights and available premium audio"
          ],
          "video": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oWTONqAHvCw",
          "image": "",
          "isFirstModelYearForModule": true,
          "isLastModelYearForModule": true
        },
        {
          "name": "Recharge T8 eAWD PHEV R‑Design Expression",
          "description": "Recharge T8 pairs the twin‑charged 2.0‑liter engine with an electric motor for plug‑in hybrid operation; the R‑Design Expression was the entry PHEV R‑Design for 2021 with an MSRP near $48,695. EPA-rated economy and EV‑range vary by charge state; listed EPA figures for 2021 PHEV S60 variants are shown below.",
          "packages": [
            {
              "name": "Recharge T8 R‑Design Expression",
              "msrp": "$48,695",
              "difference": "Base PHEV R‑Design Expression variant (eAWD PHEV)."
            }
          ],
          "engine": "2.0L Turbo & Supercharged I4 + electric motor",
          "power": "400 hp / 472 lb-ft (combined)",
          "drive": "AWD",
          "transmission": "8-speed automatic",
          "economy": "28/33 mpg; 22 miles EV range",
          "zeroToSixty": "",
          "topSpeed": "",
          "safetyRating": "5 / 5 ★ (NHTSA); IIHS Top Safety Pick",
          "seats": "5",
          "cargo": "11.6 cu ft",
          "airbags": "8 airbags",
          "highlights": [
            "Plug‑in hybrid (Recharge) for electric‑assisted performance and short EV driving capability",
            "R‑Design appearance and chassis tuning",
            "Available premium audio and advanced safety equipment",
            "EPA MPGe and EV‑only range depend on configuration; official EPA figures apply"
          ],
          "video": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1CqoO_3QzeE",
          "image": "",
          "isFirstModelYearForModule": true,
          "isLastModelYearForModule": true
        },
        {
          "name": "Recharge T8 eAWD PHEV R‑Design",
          "description": "Step‑up R‑Design PHEV with additional standard equipment relative to the Expression package; 2021 MSRP for this R‑Design PHEV was about $51,695.",
          "packages": [
            {
              "name": "Recharge T8 R‑Design",
              "msrp": "$51,695",
              "difference": "Base PHEV R‑Design variant (eAWD PHEV)."
            }
          ],
          "engine": "2.0L Turbo & Supercharged I4 + electric motor",
          "power": "400 hp / 472 lb-ft (combined)",
          "drive": "AWD",
          "transmission": "8-speed automatic",
          "economy": "28/33 mpg; 22 miles EV range",
          "zeroToSixty": "",
          "topSpeed": "",
          "safetyRating": "5 / 5 ★ (NHTSA); IIHS Top Safety Pick",
          "seats": "5",
          "cargo": "11.6 cu ft",
          "airbags": "8 airbags",
          "highlights": [
            "Higher equipment level than the Expression PHEV",
            "R‑Design styling with PHEV performance",
            "Advanced safety systems and available premium audio",
            "PHEV charging and range characteristics per EPA"
          ],
          "video": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SE51Q_kNltE",
          "image": "",
          "isFirstModelYearForModule": true,
          "isLastModelYearForModule": true
        },
        {
          "name": "Recharge T8 eAWD PHEV Inscription",
          "description": "Inscription with the Recharge T8 powertrain blends luxury appointments with plug‑in hybrid power; 2021 Inscription Recharge MSRP was listed near $51,695.",
          "packages": [
            {
              "name": "Recharge T8 Inscription",
              "msrp": "$51,695",
              "difference": "Base PHEV Inscription variant (eAWD PHEV)."
            }
          ],
          "engine": "2.0L Turbo & Supercharged I4 + electric motor",
          "power": "400 hp / 472 lb-ft (combined)",
          "drive": "AWD",
          "transmission": "8-speed automatic",
          "economy": "28/33 mpg; 22 miles EV range",
          "zeroToSixty": "",
          "topSpeed": "",
          "safetyRating": "5 / 5 ★ (NHTSA); IIHS Top Safety Pick",
          "seats": "5",
          "cargo": "11.6 cu ft",
          "airbags": "8 airbags",
          "highlights": [
            "Luxury‑focused Inscription with plug‑in hybrid efficiency and electric boost",
            "Same combined powertrain figures as other T8 models",
            "Available Bowers & Wilkins premium audio on higher options",
            "Comprehensive active safety equipment"
          ],
          "video": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QyjdqnjXSAQ",
          "image": "",
          "isFirstModelYearForModule": true,
          "isLastModelYearForModule": true
        },
        {
          "name": "Recharge T8 eAWD PHEV Polestar Engineered",
          "description": "Polestar Engineered is the high‑performance PHEV variant of the S60 Recharge. For 2021 the Polestar‑tuned T8 produced the highest combined output (manufacturer‑quoted) and was the top MSRP offering (around $65,845).",
          "packages": [
            {
              "name": "Recharge T8 Polestar Engineered",
              "msrp": "$65,845",
              "difference": "Base Polestar Engineered performance variant (eAWD PHEV)."
            }
          ],
          "engine": "2.0L Turbo & Supercharged I4 + electric motor",
          "power": "415 hp / 472 lb-ft (Polestar Engineered combined figure)",
          "drive": "AWD",
          "transmission": "8-speed automatic",
          "economy": "28/33 mpg; 22 miles EV range",
          "zeroToSixty": "",
          "topSpeed": "",
          "safetyRating": "5 / 5 ★ (NHTSA); IIHS Top Safety Pick",
          "seats": "5",
          "cargo": "11.6 cu ft",
          "airbags": "8 airbags",
          "highlights": [
            "Polestar Engineered calibration for higher power and firmer chassis tuning",
            "Upgraded brakes and chassis hardware on Polestar models",
            "Top-tier audio and performance features available",
            "Highest‑power S60 offering for 2021"
          ],
          "video": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZjznyRqSmqw",
          "image": "",
          "isFirstModelYearForModule": true,
          "isLastModelYearForModule": true
        }
      ]
    },
    "2022": {
      "trims": [
        {
          "name": "Momentum (B5)",
          "description": "Base Momentum trim powered by Volvo’s B5 2.0‑liter turbocharged mild‑hybrid four‑cylinder paired with an 8‑speed automatic; the 2022 model year introduced Volvo’s B/T nomenclature (B5 for the gas‑only mild‑hybrid). Momentum is the entry S60 and comes with FWD as standard (AWD optional). Starting MSRP for the 2022 S60 lineup began at about $40,295 (base Momentum).",
          "packages": [
            {
              "name": "Momentum",
              "msrp": "$40,295",
              "difference": "Base variant (FWD)."
            },
            {
              "name": "Momentum AWD",
              "msrp": "~$42,700",
              "difference": "All‑wheel‑drive option (raises price)."
            }
          ],
          "engine": "2.0L Turbo I4",
          "power": "247 hp / 258 lb‑ft",
          "drive": "FWD (AWD available)",
          "transmission": "8‑speed automatic",
          "economy": "26/35 mpg",
          "zeroToSixty": "",
          "topSpeed": "",
          "safetyRating": "",
          "seats": "5",
          "cargo": "13.8 cu ft",
          "airbags": "",
          "highlights": [
            "247‑hp 2.0L turbo mild‑hybrid powertrain (B5)",
            "Scandinavian, high‑quality interior with Sensus touchscreen",
            "Standard advanced driver‑assistance suite (AEB, BLIS, lane‑keeping aids)",
            "Available premium audio and comfort options"
          ],
          "video": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tp102Rgl-R0",
          "image": "",
          "isFirstModelYearForModule": true,
          "isLastModelYearForModule": true
        },
        {
          "name": "Momentum Recharge (T8)",
          "description": "Plug‑in hybrid (T8 Recharge) version of the Momentum combining the 2.0‑liter turbo with electric drive for substantially more combined output; Recharge models for 2022 offer improved EV range (around 41 miles) and are AWD‑only. The Recharge variants trade some fuel economy for strong electric‑assist performance; specific trim‑level starting MSRP varies by configuration.",
          "packages": [
            {
              "name": "Momentum Recharge",
              "msrp": "~$46,250",
              "difference": "Plug‑in hybrid (T8 Recharge); AWD‑only."
            }
          ],
          "engine": "2.0L Turbo I4 + electric motors (PHEV)",
          "power": "400 hp",
          "drive": "AWD",
          "transmission": "8‑speed automatic",
          "economy": "74 MPGe; 41 mi electric range",
          "zeroToSixty": "",
          "topSpeed": "",
          "safetyRating": "",
          "seats": "5",
          "cargo": "13.8 cu ft",
          "airbags": "",
          "highlights": [
            "T8 plug‑in hybrid powertrain with significant electric‑only range (~41 miles)",
            "AWD‑only configuration for Recharge models",
            "Same Sensus infotainment and safety tech found across the line"
          ],
          "video": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dDH1koUU3bQ",
          "image": "",
          "isFirstModelYearForModule": true,
          "isLastModelYearForModule": true
        },
        {
          "name": "R‑Design (B5)",
          "description": "R‑Design is the sport‑styled S60 trim wearing unique bumpers, wheels and chassis tuning; in 2022 the R‑Design carries the B5 mild‑hybrid 2.0‑liter turbo as its primary gas engine (247 hp) and may be specified with AWD. The 2022 changes mostly reorganized badging and option packaging rather than altering the core drivetrain.",
          "packages": [
            {
              "name": "R‑Design",
              "msrp": "~$46,250",
              "difference": "Sport suspension and R‑Design styling; AWD optional."
            }
          ],
          "engine": "2.0L Turbo I4",
          "power": "247 hp / 258 lb‑ft",
          "drive": "FWD (AWD available)",
          "transmission": "8‑speed automatic",
          "economy": "26/35 mpg",
          "zeroToSixty": "",
          "topSpeed": "",
          "safetyRating": "",
          "seats": "5",
          "cargo": "13.8 cu ft",
          "airbags": "",
          "highlights": [
            "R‑Design sport appearance and chassis tuning",
            "Available adaptive dampers and sport seats",
            "Premium interior materials with R‑Design trim accents"
          ],
          "video": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5PRJbw-ty5E",
          "image": "",
          "isFirstModelYearForModule": true,
          "isLastModelYearForModule": true
        },
        {
          "name": "R‑Design Recharge (T8)",
          "description": "The R‑Design Recharge pairs the R‑Design appearance and chassis with the T8 plug‑in hybrid drivetrain; Recharge R‑Design models are AWD and deliver markedly stronger acceleration than the gas‑only B5 variants while retaining the sport styling cues.",
          "packages": [
            {
              "name": "R‑Design Recharge",
              "msrp": "~$46,250",
              "difference": "Plug‑in hybrid (T8), AWD‑only; R‑Design appearance."
            }
          ],
          "engine": "2.0L Turbo I4 + electric motors (PHEV)",
          "power": "400 hp",
          "drive": "AWD",
          "transmission": "8‑speed automatic",
          "economy": "74 MPGe; 41 mi electric range",
          "zeroToSixty": "",
          "topSpeed": "",
          "safetyRating": "",
          "seats": "5",
          "cargo": "13.8 cu ft",
          "airbags": "",
          "highlights": [
            "R‑Design looks and sport tuning with plug‑in hybrid performance",
            "AWD‑only T8 configuration",
            "Strong combined output with electric‑only driving capability"
          ],
          "video": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MFJz5ZkKVNg",
          "image": "",
          "isFirstModelYearForModule": true,
          "isLastModelYearForModule": true
        },
        {
          "name": "Inscription (B5)",
          "description": "Inscription is the luxury‑oriented S60 trim with emphasis on upscale materials and comfort; powered in 2022 by the B5 2.0‑liter turbo mild‑hybrid (247 hp) paired with an 8‑speed automatic. For 2022 the Inscription continues as the more comfort/luxury‑focused sibling to Momentum and R‑Design.",
          "packages": [
            {
              "name": "Inscription",
              "msrp": "~$46,250",
              "difference": "Luxury‑focused variant with upscale interior and trim; AWD available."
            }
          ],
          "engine": "2.0L Turbo I4",
          "power": "247 hp / 258 lb‑ft",
          "drive": "FWD (AWD available)",
          "transmission": "8‑speed automatic",
          "economy": "26/35 mpg",
          "zeroToSixty": "",
          "topSpeed": "",
          "safetyRating": "",
          "seats": "5",
          "cargo": "13.8 cu ft",
          "airbags": "",
          "highlights": [
            "Luxury‑oriented trim with upscale materials and additional comfort features",
            "Sensus 9\" touchscreen and available Bowers & Wilkins audio",
            "Comprehensive safety and driver‑assistance features standard"
          ],
          "video": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FcyqAPqzBn0",
          "image": "",
          "isFirstModelYearForModule": true,
          "isLastModelYearForModule": true
        },
        {
          "name": "Inscription Recharge (T8)",
          "description": "Inscription Recharge brings the T8 plug‑in hybrid drivetrain to the luxury Inscription trim, combining electric‑assist performance and a high‑level interior specification; Recharge Inscription is AWD and benefits from the same EV range improvements introduced for 2022 Recharge models.",
          "packages": [
            {
              "name": "Inscription Recharge",
              "msrp": "~$46,250",
              "difference": "Plug‑in hybrid (T8); AWD‑only; Inscription luxury equipment."
            }
          ],
          "engine": "2.0L Turbo I4 + electric motors (PHEV)",
          "power": "400 hp",
          "drive": "AWD",
          "transmission": "8‑speed automatic",
          "economy": "74 MPGe; 41 mi electric range",
          "zeroToSixty": "",
          "topSpeed": "",
          "safetyRating": "",
          "seats": "5",
          "cargo": "13.8 cu ft",
          "airbags": "",
          "highlights": [
            "Luxury appointments combined with T8 plug‑in hybrid efficiency and EV driving capability",
            "AWD‑only PHEV configuration",
            "Retains extensive safety technology and premium options"
          ],
          "video": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1DDDg3Zcyec",
          "image": "",
          "isFirstModelYearForModule": true,
          "isLastModelYearForModule": true
        },
        {
          "name": "Recharge Polestar Engineered",
          "description": "The range‑topping Recharge Polestar Engineered S60 is a Polestar‑tuned high‑performance plug‑in hybrid that raises output substantially (about 455 hp) and adds chassis and brake upgrades; for 2022 the Polestar Engineered model is the most powerful S60 and was offered through Volvo’s Polestar‑associated ordering channels/subscription options.",
          "packages": [
            {
              "name": "Recharge Polestar Engineered",
              "msrp": "$65,845",
              "difference": "High‑performance PHEV with Polestar hardware and tuning; AWD."
            }
          ],
          "engine": "2.0L Turbo I4 + electric motors (PHEV)",
          "power": "455 hp / 523 lb‑ft",
          "drive": "AWD",
          "transmission": "8‑speed automatic",
          "economy": "",
          "zeroToSixty": "",
          "topSpeed": "",
          "safetyRating": "",
          "seats": "5",
          "cargo": "13.8 cu ft",
          "airbags": "",
          "highlights": [
            "Polestar‑tuned high‑performance PHEV (approx. 455 hp, 523 lb‑ft)",
            "Upgraded chassis, brakes and unique wheels; performance‑focused setup",
            "Offered as the top model in the S60 Recharge family"
          ],
          "video": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZdoTf9WHKg0",
          "image": "",
          "isFirstModelYearForModule": true,
          "isLastModelYearForModule": true
        }
      ]
    },
    "2023": {
      "trims": [
        {
          "name": "S60 B5 Core",
          "description": "Entry‑level B5 with Volvo’s 2.0L turbocharged four and mild‑hybrid assist. The Core trim for 2023 comes with the refreshed exterior details and the Google Android infotainment system; safety tech is generous at this level while higher driver‑assist features are offered as options or on higher trims. Manufacturer starting MSRP for the base FWD Core (Dark Theme) was about $42,395.",
          "packages": [
            {
              "name": "Core (FWD, Dark Theme)",
              "msrp": "$42,395",
              "difference": "Base variant (FWD)."
            },
            {
              "name": "Core (FWD, Black Edition)",
              "msrp": "$44,045",
              "difference": "Black Edition appearance/theme; +$1,650 vs base."
            },
            {
              "name": "Core (AWD, Dark Theme)",
              "msrp": "$44,695",
              "difference": "Adds AWD; +$2,300 vs base."
            }
          ],
          "engine": "2.0L Turbo I4 (mild‑hybrid)",
          "power": "247 hp / 258 lb‑ft",
          "drive": "FWD",
          "transmission": "8‑speed automatic",
          "economy": "26/35 mpg",
          "zeroToSixty": "6.4 s",
          "topSpeed": "",
          "safetyRating": "5 / 5 ★ (NHTSA); Top Safety Pick+ (IIHS)",
          "seats": "5",
          "cargo": "11.6 cu ft",
          "airbags": "Dual‑stage front airbags, front‑seat side airbags, curtain airbags (front & rear), driver knee airbag",
          "highlights": [
            "2.0L turbo mild‑hybrid (B5) with 247 hp",
            "Refreshed 2023 styling and Google Android infotainment",
            "Strong active safety suite as standard; Pilot Assist available on higher trims"
          ],
          "video": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kvpvyl4eyis",
          "image": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/c4/Volvo_S60_B5_Inscription_SPA_Osmium_Grey_%281%29.jpg",
          "isFirstModelYearForModule": true,
          "isLastModelYearForModule": true
        },
        {
          "name": "S60 B5 Plus",
          "description": "Mid‑level Plus trim adding comfort and convenience upgrades (interior trim, options) while retaining the B5 powertrain. Offered in FWD or AWD; MSRP for the FWD Plus Dark Theme was listed around $45,095.",
          "packages": [
            {
              "name": "Plus (FWD, Dark Theme)",
              "msrp": "$45,095",
              "difference": "Base Plus variant (FWD)."
            },
            {
              "name": "Plus (FWD, Black Edition)",
              "msrp": "$46,745",
              "difference": "Black Edition appearance/theme; +$1,650 vs base Plus."
            },
            {
              "name": "Plus (AWD, Dark Theme)",
              "msrp": "$47,395",
              "difference": "Adds AWD; +$2,300 vs base Plus."
            }
          ],
          "engine": "2.0L Turbo I4 (mild‑hybrid)",
          "power": "247 hp / 258 lb‑ft",
          "drive": "FWD",
          "transmission": "8‑speed automatic",
          "economy": "26/35 mpg",
          "zeroToSixty": "6.4 s",
          "topSpeed": "",
          "safetyRating": "5 / 5 ★ (NHTSA); Top Safety Pick+ (IIHS)",
          "seats": "5",
          "cargo": "11.6 cu ft",
          "airbags": "Dual‑stage front airbags, front‑seat side airbags, curtain airbags (front & rear), driver knee airbag",
          "highlights": [
            "Adds convenience and interior upgrades over Core",
            "Available AWD for enhanced traction; same B5 mild‑hybrid powertrain",
            "Google Android infotainment and Volvo safety technology included on most configurations"
          ],
          "video": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FfY9v2S_CHc",
          "image": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/dd/Volvo_S60_B5_Inscription_SPA_Osmium_Grey_%283%29.jpg",
          "isFirstModelYearForModule": true,
          "isLastModelYearForModule": true
        },
        {
          "name": "S60 B5 Ultimate",
          "description": "Top non‑Recharge B5 trim with upgraded upholstery, premium audio options and additional driver aids. Ultimate was the highest‑content B5 in 2023 with a starting FWD MSRP listed around $47,845.",
          "packages": [
            {
              "name": "Ultimate (FWD, Dark Theme)",
              "msrp": "$47,845",
              "difference": "Base Ultimate variant (FWD)."
            },
            {
              "name": "Ultimate (FWD, Black Edition)",
              "msrp": "$49,095",
              "difference": "Black Edition appearance/theme; +$1,250 vs base Ultimate."
            },
            {
              "name": "Ultimate (AWD, Black/Dark/Bright Themes)",
              "msrp": "$50,145",
              "difference": "AWD and higher equipment levels; +$2,300 to +$3,550 vs base Ultimate depending on theme."
            }
          ],
          "engine": "2.0L Turbo I4 (mild‑hybrid)",
          "power": "247 hp / 258 lb‑ft",
          "drive": "FWD",
          "transmission": "8‑speed automatic",
          "economy": "26/35 mpg",
          "zeroToSixty": "6.4 s",
          "topSpeed": "",
          "safetyRating": "5 / 5 ★ (NHTSA); Top Safety Pick+ (IIHS)",
          "seats": "5",
          "cargo": "11.6 cu ft",
          "airbags": "Dual‑stage front airbags, front‑seat side airbags, curtain airbags (front & rear), driver knee airbag",
          "highlights": [
            "Most feature‑rich non‑hybrid S60 trim with premium interior options",
            "Available premium audio (Harman Kardon / Bowers & Wilkins) and upgraded upholstery",
            "Emphasizes comfort and safety rather than outright sportiness"
          ],
          "video": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CAxQO1GKao0",
          "image": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/72/Volvo_S60_B5_Inscription_SPA_Osmium_Grey_%282%29.jpg",
          "isFirstModelYearForModule": true,
          "isLastModelYearForModule": true
        },
        {
          "name": "S60 Recharge T8 eAWD (Core)",
          "description": "Plug‑in hybrid Recharge (T8) combining a turbo‑ and supercharged 2.0L four with an electric motor; standard AWD and an EPA‑rated electric range near 40–41 miles for 2023. The refreshed Recharge adds one‑pedal driving and the Google infotainment suite; base Recharge Core MSRP (Dark Theme) listed about $52,345.",
          "packages": [
            {
              "name": "Core (T8, eAWD, Dark Theme)",
              "msrp": "$52,345",
              "difference": "Base Recharge Core (PHEV, AWD)."
            },
            {
              "name": "Core (T8, eAWD, Black Edition)",
              "msrp": "$53,995",
              "difference": "Black Edition appearance/theme; +$1,650 vs base Recharge Core."
            },
            {
              "name": "Plus (T8, eAWD, Dark Theme)",
              "msrp": "$55,045",
              "difference": "Adds mid‑level equipment; +$2,700 vs Recharge Core."
            },
            {
              "name": "Plus (T8, eAWD, Black Edition)",
              "msrp": "$56,695",
              "difference": "Plus with Black Edition theme; +$4,350 vs Recharge Core."
            },
            {
              "name": "Ultimate (T8, eAWD, Dark/Bright Theme)",
              "msrp": "$57,795",
              "difference": "Top equipment level for Recharge before Polestar; +$5,450 vs base Recharge Core."
            },
            {
              "name": "Ultimate (T8, eAWD, Black Edition)",
              "msrp": "$59,045",
              "difference": "Ultimate with Black Edition theme; +$6,700 vs base Recharge Core."
            }
          ],
          "engine": "2.0L Turbo + Supercharger I4 + electric motor (PHEV)",
          "power": "455 hp / 472–523 lb‑ft (combined ratings vary by source)",
          "drive": "AWD",
          "transmission": "8‑speed automatic",
          "economy": "74 MPGe / 31 mpg (gasoline mode)",
          "zeroToSixty": "4.0 s",
          "topSpeed": "",
          "safetyRating": "5 / 5 ★ (NHTSA); Top Safety Pick+ (IIHS)",
          "seats": "5",
          "cargo": "11.6 cu ft",
          "airbags": "Dual‑stage front airbags, front‑seat side airbags, curtain airbags (front & rear), driver knee airbag",
          "highlights": [
            "T8 Recharge PHEV with roughly 40–41 miles electric range and strong combined performance",
            "74 MPGe (combined electric+gas) and ~31 mpg when running on gasoline",
            "One‑pedal driving and extended‑range logic improved for the 2023 refresh"
          ],
          "video": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8UGqalEvimw",
          "image": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/c4/Volvo_S60_B5_Inscription_SPA_Osmium_Grey_%281%29.jpg",
          "isFirstModelYearForModule": true,
          "isLastModelYearForModule": true
        },
        {
          "name": "S60 Recharge T8 eAWD (Polestar Engineered)",
          "description": "Polestar Engineered is the high‑performance version of the T8 Recharge, adding Öhlins dampers, upgraded brakes and Polestar software/tuning. The powertrain is the T8 hybrid package tuned for maximum response and paired with the Polestar performance hardware; Polestar Engineered MSRP for 2023 was about $69,145.",
          "packages": [
            {
              "name": "Polestar Engineered (T8, eAWD)",
              "msrp": "$69,145",
              "difference": "Range‑topping performance variant with Polestar‑tuned suspension and brakes."
            }
          ],
          "engine": "2.0L Turbo + Supercharger I4 + electric motor (PHEV)",
          "power": "455 hp / 523 lb‑ft",
          "drive": "AWD",
          "transmission": "8‑speed automatic",
          "economy": "74 MPGe / 31 mpg (gasoline mode)",
          "zeroToSixty": "4.0 s",
          "topSpeed": "",
          "safetyRating": "5 / 5 ★ (NHTSA); Top Safety Pick+ (IIHS)",
          "seats": "5",
          "cargo": "11.6 cu ft",
          "airbags": "Dual‑stage front airbags, front‑seat side airbags, curtain airbags (front & rear), driver knee airbag",
          "highlights": [
            "Polestar Engineered suspension (Öhlins) and upgraded Akebono brakes",
            "Same hybrid powertrain tuned for greater torque and sharper responses",
            "Distinct Polestar interior/exterior cues and focused performance package"
          ],
          "video": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HSAdQvG7lxQ",
          "image": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/c4/Volvo_S60_B5_Inscription_SPA_Osmium_Grey_%281%29.jpg",
          "isFirstModelYearForModule": true,
          "isLastModelYearForModule": true
        }
      ]
    },
    "2024": {
      "trims": [
        {
          "name": "Momentum",
          "description": "Momentum is the entry‑level S60 trim, typically offered with Volvo's 2.0L four‑cylinder powertrain (mild hybrid variants exist) and available with the plug‑in hybrid Recharge option. For 2024 Momentum continues the third‑generation S60's emphasis on safety, comfort and a simplified interior.",
          "packages": [
            {
              "name": "Momentum",
              "msrp": "$43,645",
              "difference": "Base variant (FWD standard; AWD available)."
            },
            {
              "name": "Momentum AWD",
              "msrp": "~$46,250",
              "difference": "Adds all‑wheel drive and associated hardware; increases MSRP."
            }
          ],
          "engine": "2.0L Turbo I4 (mild hybrid)",
          "power": "247 hp / 258 lb-ft",
          "drive": "FWD",
          "transmission": "8-speed automatic (Geartronic)",
          "economy": "30 mpg combined / 26 city / 35 highway",
          "zeroToSixty": "",
          "topSpeed": "",
          "safetyRating": "Good (IIHS) — rating applies to 2019–25 models",
          "seats": "5",
          "cargo": "11.6 cu ft",
          "airbags": "Front and passenger front airbags, front-seat side airbags, curtain airbags (front & rear), driver knee airbag (total listed categories per manufacturer)",
          "highlights": [
            "Standard blind‑spot detection (IIHS notes)",
            "Standard lane departure warning & prevention",
            "Standard rear automatic braking",
            "Available as plug‑in hybrid Recharge"
          ],
          "video": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LBN_sZ2ymYk",
          "image": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/ca/Volvo_S60_%283rd_generation%29_IMG_8463.jpg",
          "isFirstModelYearForModule": false,
          "isLastModelYearForModule": true
        },
        {
          "name": "R‑Design",
          "description": "R‑Design is the sport‑oriented S60 with unique exterior and interior styling cues and sportier suspension tuning where offered. The 2024 R‑Design carries on the sport appearance and chassis tuning of prior model years.",
          "packages": [
            {
              "name": "R‑Design",
              "msrp": "$43,645",
              "difference": "Base R‑Design specification with sport styling and tuning."
            },
            {
              "name": "R‑Design AWD",
              "msrp": "~$46,250",
              "difference": "Adds all‑wheel drive and related drivetrain hardware."
            }
          ],
          "engine": "2.0L Turbo I4 (mild hybrid)",
          "power": "247 hp / 258 lb-ft",
          "drive": "FWD",
          "transmission": "8-speed automatic (Geartronic)",
          "economy": "30 mpg combined / 26 city / 35 highway",
          "zeroToSixty": "",
          "topSpeed": "",
          "safetyRating": "Good (IIHS) — rating applies to 2019–25 models",
          "seats": "5",
          "cargo": "11.6 cu ft",
          "airbags": "Front and passenger front airbags, front-seat side airbags, curtain airbags (front & rear), driver knee airbag (total listed categories per manufacturer)",
          "highlights": [
            "R‑Design exterior and interior styling",
            "Sport‑tuned suspension (where specified)",
            "Standard advanced driver‑assistance features"
          ],
          "video": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vl3pYqRZPVo",
          "image": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/de/Volvo_S60_%283rd_generation%29_IMG_8468.jpg",
          "isFirstModelYearForModule": false,
          "isLastModelYearForModule": true
        },
        {
          "name": "Inscription",
          "description": "Inscription is Volvo's luxury‑oriented S60 trim, focused on upgraded materials, comfort features and optional premium packages for convenience and audio. For 2024 Inscription continues existing luxury appointments for the third‑generation S60.",
          "packages": [
            {
              "name": "Inscription",
              "msrp": "$43,645",
              "difference": "Base Inscription luxury specification."
            },
            {
              "name": "Inscription AWD",
              "msrp": "~$46,250",
              "difference": "Adds all‑wheel drive and luxury‑oriented option packages."
            }
          ],
          "engine": "2.0L Turbo I4 (mild hybrid)",
          "power": "247 hp / 258 lb-ft",
          "drive": "FWD",
          "transmission": "8-speed automatic (Geartronic)",
          "economy": "30 mpg combined / 26 city / 35 highway",
          "zeroToSixty": "",
          "topSpeed": "",
          "safetyRating": "Good (IIHS) — rating applies to 2019–25 models",
          "seats": "5",
          "cargo": "11.6 cu ft",
          "airbags": "Front and passenger front airbags, front-seat side airbags, curtain airbags (front & rear), driver knee airbag (total listed categories per manufacturer)",
          "highlights": [
            "Upgraded interior materials (Inscription)",
            "Available premium audio and convenience packages",
            "Standard active‑safety suite"
          ],
          "video": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sVgTwNCdlAk",
          "image": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4b/Volvo_S60_%283rd_generation%29_IMG_8474.jpg",
          "isFirstModelYearForModule": false,
          "isLastModelYearForModule": true
        },
        {
          "name": "S60 Recharge",
          "description": "S60 Recharge is Volvo's plug‑in hybrid (PHEV) variant combining a gasoline engine with an electric motor for lower fuel consumption and short electric‑only range. The Recharge continues to be offered in 2024 as the PHEV option for the S60 in markets that receive it.",
          "packages": [
            {
              "name": "S60 Recharge",
              "msrp": "$43,645",
              "difference": "Base plug‑in hybrid (PHEV) variant."
            },
            {
              "name": "S60 Recharge AWD",
              "msrp": "~$46,250",
              "difference": "Adds all‑wheel drive and higher combined output on some configurations."
            }
          ],
          "engine": "Plug‑in hybrid (2.0L Turbo I4 + electric motor)",
          "power": "247 hp",
          "drive": "AWD",
          "transmission": "8-speed automatic (Geartronic)",
          "economy": "30 mpg combined / 26 city / 35 highway",
          "zeroToSixty": "",
          "topSpeed": "",
          "safetyRating": "Good (IIHS) — rating applies to 2019–25 models",
          "seats": "5",
          "cargo": "11.6 cu ft",
          "airbags": "Front and passenger front airbags, front-seat side airbags, curtain airbags (front & rear), driver knee airbag (total listed categories per manufacturer)",
          "highlights": [
            "Plug‑in hybrid powertrain marketed as \"Recharge\"",
            "Lower expected on‑fuel consumption in combined use",
            "Eligible for PHEV‑specific options depending on market"
          ],
          "video": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7UEdz-btHmw",
          "image": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4f/VOLVO_S60_T8_THIRD_GENERATION_China.jpg",
          "isFirstModelYearForModule": true,
          "isLastModelYearForModule": true
        }
      ]
    },
    "2025": {
      "trims": [
        {
          "name": "S60 B5 Core (FWD)",
          "description": "Base B5 Core uses a 2.0‑liter turbocharged four‑cylinder with a 48V mild‑hybrid system and an 8‑speed automatic; FWD is the entry drivetrain. For 2025 the Core trim carries over with minor packaging tweaks as the S60’s final U.S. year. Starting MSRP for the FWD Core is $43,795.",
          "packages": [
            {
              "name": "B5 Core (FWD)",
              "msrp": "$43,795",
              "difference": "Base variant (FWD)."
            },
            {
              "name": "B5 Core (AWD)",
              "msrp": "$46,095",
              "difference": "AWD variant; +$2,300 vs FWD."
            }
          ],
          "engine": "2.0L Turbo I4 (48V mild hybrid)",
          "power": "247 hp / 258 lb-ft",
          "drive": "FWD",
          "transmission": "8-speed automatic (Geartronic)",
          "economy": "26/35 mpg",
          "zeroToSixty": "6.4 s",
          "topSpeed": "",
          "safetyRating": "5 / 5 ★ (NHTSA); IIHS: Good (most crash tests)",
          "seats": "5",
          "cargo": "11.6 cu ft",
          "airbags": "8 airbags",
          "highlights": [
            "9.0\" portrait infotainment with Google built-in (data subscription included per factory package)",
            "10‑speaker audio, Apple CarPlay/Android Auto support",
            "Standard safety suite: BLIS (blind‑spot), rear cross traffic alert, lane keeping aid and evasive steering",
            "Power front seats and ambient interior lighting"
          ],
          "video": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5QnnfATItYg",
          "image": "",
          "isFirstModelYearForModule": true,
          "isLastModelYearForModule": true
        },
        {
          "name": "S60 B5 Core (AWD)",
          "description": "Core trim with AWD pairs the same 2.0L turbo mild‑hybrid powertrain to all‑wheel drive for improved traction; carry‑over content for the 2025 final year. Starting MSRP for the AWD Core is $46,095.",
          "packages": [
            {
              "name": "B5 Core (AWD)",
              "msrp": "$46,095",
              "difference": "Base AWD variant (vs FWD base)."
            },
            {
              "name": "B5 Core (FWD)",
              "msrp": "$43,795",
              "difference": "FWD base; -$2,300 vs AWD."
            }
          ],
          "engine": "2.0L Turbo I4 (48V mild hybrid)",
          "power": "247 hp / 258 lb-ft",
          "drive": "AWD",
          "transmission": "8-speed automatic (Geartronic)",
          "economy": "25/33 mpg",
          "zeroToSixty": "6.2 s",
          "topSpeed": "",
          "safetyRating": "5 / 5 ★ (NHTSA); IIHS: Good (most crash tests)",
          "seats": "5",
          "cargo": "11.6 cu ft",
          "airbags": "8 airbags",
          "highlights": [
            "Same infotainment and connectivity as Core (Google built‑in, Apple CarPlay)",
            "All‑wheel drive for better traction in poor weather",
            "Standard Volvo active safety systems: lane keeping aid, rear automatic braking",
            "Comfort features: 8‑way power seats, leatherette seating surfaces"
          ],
          "video": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fgphRYM-fEs",
          "image": "",
          "isFirstModelYearForModule": true,
          "isLastModelYearForModule": true
        },
        {
          "name": "S60 B5 Plus (FWD)",
          "description": "The B5 Plus adds equipment focused on convenience and driver assistance to the B5 powertrain; FWD and AWD drivetrains are offered. For 2025 the Plus acts as the midpack option with upgrades like adaptive cruise/parking sensors and other comfort features. Starting MSRP for the FWD Plus is $46,595.",
          "packages": [
            {
              "name": "B5 Plus (FWD)",
              "msrp": "$46,595",
              "difference": "Base Plus variant (FWD)."
            },
            {
              "name": "B5 Plus (AWD)",
              "msrp": "$48,945",
              "difference": "AWD variant; +$2,350 vs FWD."
            }
          ],
          "engine": "2.0L Turbo I4 (48V mild hybrid)",
          "power": "247 hp / 258 lb-ft",
          "drive": "FWD",
          "transmission": "8-speed automatic (Geartronic)",
          "economy": "26/35 mpg",
          "zeroToSixty": "6.4 s",
          "topSpeed": "",
          "safetyRating": "5 / 5 ★ (NHTSA); IIHS: Good",
          "seats": "5",
          "cargo": "11.6 cu ft",
          "airbags": "8 airbags",
          "highlights": [
            "Adds adaptive cruise control with Pilot Assist and front/side parking sensors",
            "360‑degree camera available on Plus (per trim equipment)",
            "Upgraded interior materials and adjustable driver memory settings",
            "Standard driver aids: blind‑spot, cross‑traffic mitigation"
          ],
          "video": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MHO_N-_hI-o",
          "image": "",
          "isFirstModelYearForModule": true,
          "isLastModelYearForModule": true
        },
        {
          "name": "S60 B5 Plus (AWD)",
          "description": "Plus trim in AWD pairs the midlevel equipment set with all‑wheel drive for improved all‑weather capability. Starting MSRP for the AWD Plus is $48,945.",
          "packages": [
            {
              "name": "B5 Plus (AWD)",
              "msrp": "$48,945",
              "difference": "Base Plus AWD variant."
            },
            {
              "name": "B5 Plus (FWD)",
              "msrp": "$46,595",
              "difference": "FWD Plus; -$2,350 vs AWD."
            }
          ],
          "engine": "2.0L Turbo I4 (48V mild hybrid)",
          "power": "247 hp / 258 lb-ft",
          "drive": "AWD",
          "transmission": "8-speed automatic (Geartronic)",
          "economy": "25/33 mpg",
          "zeroToSixty": "6.2 s",
          "topSpeed": "",
          "safetyRating": "5 / 5 ★ (NHTSA); IIHS: Good",
          "seats": "5",
          "cargo": "11.6 cu ft",
          "airbags": "8 airbags",
          "highlights": [
            "360‑degree camera and expanded parking aids (Plus content)",
            "Adaptive cruise with Pilot Assist for highway driving",
            "Enhanced infotainment and available upgrades vs Core",
            "All‑wheel drive for traction and stability"
          ],
          "video": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Uyuljwo4AD4",
          "image": "",
          "isFirstModelYearForModule": true,
          "isLastModelYearForModule": true
        },
        {
          "name": "S60 B5 Ultra (AWD)",
          "description": "Top B5 Ultra is an upscale equipment level (standard AWD on Ultra) with luxury upgrades—Harman Kardon audio, larger wheels, head‑up display and additional comfort features. For 2025 Ultra continues as the range‑topping B5 offering. Starting MSRP for the B5 AWD Ultra is $51,495.",
          "packages": [
            {
              "name": "B5 Ultra (AWD)",
              "msrp": "$51,495",
              "difference": "Base Ultra AWD variant."
            },
            {
              "name": "B5 Ultra - Black Edition",
              "msrp": "$52,195",
              "difference": "Black Edition appearance package; +$700 vs standard Ultra."
            }
          ],
          "engine": "2.0L Turbo I4 (48V mild hybrid)",
          "power": "247 hp / 258 lb-ft",
          "drive": "AWD",
          "transmission": "8-speed automatic (Geartronic)",
          "economy": "25/33 mpg",
          "zeroToSixty": "6.2 s",
          "topSpeed": "",
          "safetyRating": "5 / 5 ★ (NHTSA); IIHS: Good",
          "seats": "5",
          "cargo": "11.6 cu ft",
          "airbags": "8 airbags",
          "highlights": [
            "Harman Kardon 14‑speaker premium audio (Ultra)",
            "Head‑up display, upgraded interior trim and seating adjustments",
            "19‑inch wheels and additional comfort features",
            "Four‑zone climate control and added convenience equipment"
          ],
          "video": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=os9xYiX40ac",
          "image": "",
          "isFirstModelYearForModule": true,
          "isLastModelYearForModule": true
        },
        {
          "name": "S60 B5 Ultra Black Edition (AWD)",
          "description": "Black Edition is an appearance package applied to the Ultra equipment list—black exterior trim, wheels, and dark accents—with the same B5 AWD powertrain and content. For 2025 the Black Edition is offered as a $700 appearance option over Ultra; marketed price shown. Starting MSRP is $52,195.",
          "packages": [
            {
              "name": "B5 Ultra (AWD)",
              "msrp": "$51,495",
              "difference": "Base Ultra AWD variant."
            },
            {
              "name": "B5 Ultra Black Edition (AWD)",
              "msrp": "$52,195",
              "difference": "Black Edition appearance package; +$700 vs standard Ultra."
            }
          ],
          "engine": "2.0L Turbo I4 (48V mild hybrid)",
          "power": "247 hp / 258 lb-ft",
          "drive": "AWD",
          "transmission": "8-speed automatic (Geartronic)",
          "economy": "25/33 mpg",
          "zeroToSixty": "6.2 s",
          "topSpeed": "",
          "safetyRating": "5 / 5 ★ (NHTSA); IIHS: Good",
          "seats": "5",
          "cargo": "11.6 cu ft",
          "airbags": "8 airbags",
          "highlights": [
            "Black exterior trim and darker badging/wheels (Black Edition appearance)",
            "All Ultra comfort and infotainment features retained",
            "Same drivetrain and performance as Ultra",
            "A small price premium (≈$700) for the appearance package"
          ],
          "video": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_yufZp1yN5M",
          "image": "",
          "isFirstModelYearForModule": true,
          "isLastModelYearForModule": true
        },
        {
          "name": "S60 T8 AWD Core (Plug‑In Hybrid)",
          "description": "T8 AWD Core is the plug‑in hybrid performance variant: a 2.0‑liter turbocharged four‑cylinder paired with hybrid hardware and a rear electric motor for standard AWD. The combined system output is rated near 455 hp; Core is the entry PHEV trim with an MSRP of $53,295 for 2025. For buyers seeking electric driving capability, the T8 provides roughly 40 miles of EV range (EPA) and a high MPGe rating.",
          "packages": [
            {
              "name": "T8 Core (AWD)",
              "msrp": "$53,295",
              "difference": "Base T8 PHEV AWD variant."
            },
            {
              "name": "T8 Plus (AWD)",
              "msrp": "$56,095",
              "difference": "Plus equipment step; +$2,800 vs Core."
            },
            {
              "name": "T8 Ultra (AWD)",
              "msrp": "$58,595",
              "difference": "Ultra equipment with premium audio and HUD; +$5,300 vs Core."
            },
            {
              "name": "T8 Ultra Black Edition (AWD)",
              "msrp": "$59,295",
              "difference": "Black Edition appearance package; +$700 vs T8 Ultra."
            }
          ],
          "engine": "2.0L Turbo I4 + plug‑in hybrid electric motor (AWD)",
          "power": "455 hp / 523 lb-ft (combined)",
          "drive": "AWD",
          "transmission": "8-speed automatic (Geartronic)",
          "economy": "74 MPGe (PHEV); ~40 mi electric range",
          "zeroToSixty": "4.0 s",
          "topSpeed": "",
          "safetyRating": "5 / 5 ★ (NHTSA); IIHS: Good",
          "seats": "5",
          "cargo": "11.6 cu ft",
          "airbags": "8 airbags",
          "highlights": [
            "Plug‑in hybrid powertrain with roughly 40 miles of electric‑only range and high MPGe rating",
            "455 hp combined system output for brisk acceleration (0–60 ≈4.0 s)",
            "Standard AWD thanks to the rear electric drive unit",
            "Available Ultra equipment includes Harman Kardon audio and head‑up display"
          ],
          "video": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1DDDg3Zcyec",
          "image": "",
          "isFirstModelYearForModule": true,
          "isLastModelYearForModule": true
        }
      ]
    },
    "2026": {
      "trims": [
        {
          "name": "No US-market trims (model discontinued)",
          "description": "Volvo did not offer S60 trims for the 2026 model year in the United States. Production for North America and Europe ended in 2024 and the final US model year was 2025, so there are no factory 2026 US MSRPs, engines, or equipment packages to list. For reference, the last US S60 offerings (2025) included a 2.0L turbocharged four‑cylinder producing approximately 247 hp in base versions and an electrified T8/Recharge plug‑in hybrid with roughly 455 hp combined and an EPA EV range of about 41 miles.",
          "packages": [
            {
              "name": "Reference — 2025 Core (base)",
              "msrp": "$43,795",
              "difference": "Last advertised 2025 base MSRP; no 2026 US offering."
            },
            {
              "name": "Reference — 2025 T8 Recharge (PHEV)",
              "msrp": "$59,295",
              "difference": "Last advertised 2025 top PHEV MSRP; no 2026 US offering."
            }
          ],
          "engine": "2.0L Turbo I4",
          "power": "247 hp",
          "drive": "FWD",
          "transmission": "8-speed automatic",
          "economy": "26/35 mpg (city/highway; 30 mpg combined)",
          "zeroToSixty": "6.1 s",
          "topSpeed": "",
          "safetyRating": "",
          "seats": "5",
          "cargo": "12.0 cu ft",
          "airbags": "8 airbags",
          "highlights": [
            "Scandinavian premium interior and high‑quality materials",
            "Standard suite of driver‑assist tech (City Safety, Pilot Assist)",
            "Google‑based infotainment with optional Bowers & Wilkins audio",
            "Available plug‑in hybrid (T8/Recharge) with ~41 miles EV range and ~455 hp combined (2025 reference)",
            "Available AWD on higher trims (historical)"
          ],
          "video": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jkdaRIgLqsY",
          "image": "",
          "isFirstModelYearForModule": true,
          "isLastModelYearForModule": false
        }
      ]
    }
  }
}
